What Is Angular

Angular is a JavaScript framework for building client-side applications using HTML and TypeScript. It is primarily used for building single-page applications (SPAs) and offers a robust set of features that enhance the development process.

Why Do We Need Angular

Web applications relied heavily on plain JavaScript or jQuery. While they were powerful, they required a lot of manual coding to handle even simple interactions, which often led to complex, hard-to-maintain codebases. Angular addressed many challenges developers faced with plain JavaScript.

Angular Architecture

It is a client-side framework that operates entirely in the browser. Angular is designed to build Single-Page Applications (SPAs), where the front-end (client) handles the user interface and user interactions. Angular applications run directly in the browser, meaning the framework is responsible for rendering the user interface (UI) on the client side. The Angular framework executes inside the browser and communicates with a backend server for data. Now we will look into the basic knowledge required to build an angular application

Components

Components are the basic building blocks of an Angular application. Each component encapsulates its own HTML, CSS, and TypeScript code, allowing for a clean separation of concerns. Components can be used to create an entire page or part of a page. When you create an Angular application, it always includes a root component, typically named App.Component, which serves as the entry point of the application. This root component is the top-level component in the component tree and acts as the container for all other components in the application. Next we will see how to create an angular application.

Creating An Angular Application

We can use bootstrap for css styling and Font-Awesome for icons in an angular application. You can find below link to see more on this

Installing and configuring Bootstrap and Font-Awesome in Angular application

Binding

Data binding in Angular allows communication between the component class and the template. There are several types of binding:

• One-Way Data Binding: Displays component data in the template. (Interpolation)
• Two-Way Data Binding: Synchronize data between the template and the component (NgModel).
• Event Binding: This allows you to listen to events and respond to user actions (e.g., clicks).
• Property Binding: Binds properties of DOM elements to component properties.
• Attribute Binding: Binds attributes of HTML elements to component properties.
• Class Binding: Dynamically adds or removes CSS classes based on component logic.
• Style Binding: Allows you to set styles dynamically based on component properties.
• Template Variables: Provides a way to reference a DOM element in the template.

Angular Data Binding

Typescript

Typescript is the language used to develop angular applications. So a good understanding of typescript is essential. Kindly go through the typescript tutorial below.

Typescript Tutorial

Directives

Directives are classes that add additional behaviour to elements in your Angular application. They can be classified into:

• Attribute Directives: These modify the behaviour or appearance of an element.
  • NgClass: Adds or removes CSS classes dynamically.
  • NgStyle: Applies styles dynamically.
  • NgModel: Facilitates two-way data binding.
• Structural Directives: These change the structure of the DOM.
  • NgIf: Conditionally includes a template based on a boolean expression.
  • NgFor: Iterates over a list and creates a template for each item.
  • NgSwitch: Conditionally displays a template based on a switch expression.

Angular Directives

Using Html elements

Using HTML elements in Angular is straightforward since Angular builds on standard HTML by extending its capabilities with dynamic data binding, component-based structure, and directives

Html Elements

Multiple Components

Angular applications are built using components, which are the building blocks of the framework. You can add work with multiple angular componets.

Multiple Components

Input and Output

@Input(): Allows parent components to pass data to child components.

@Output(): Enables child components to emit events that parent components can listen to.

Dump and Smart Component : making applications more modular and easier to maintain

Pipes

Pipes are a powerful feature in Angular that allows you to transform data for display in templates. For example, you can use pipes to format dates, currency, or filter lists.

Pipes

Forms

Forms are a way to collect and manage user input in an organized, structured way. Forms are an essential part of any interactive application, allowing users to input data, which can then be validated, processed, and submitted to a backend. Angular provides two primary approaches to building and managing forms :

• Template Driven Forms
• Reactive Forms
  • FormControl
  • FormGroup
  • FormBuilder

Routing

It is a feature that allows you to navigate between different views or components without reloading the entire page. Router module enables you to define multiple routes, load components dynamically, and pass parameters to them

Angular Routing

Router Guard

router guards are services that control access to routes within an application. They allow you to protect specific routes, redirect users, or manage navigation based on various conditions, such as authentication status, role-based permissions, or even unsaved data warnings

Router Guard

Services and Dependency Injection

Services are singleton objects that provide specific functionality across the application. Angular’s dependency injection system allows you to inject services into components, making it easier to manage dependencies and promote reusability.

Services And Dependency Injection

Http Calling

It is a service that enables communication with backend servers over HTTP. It provides an easy way to make HTTP requests to fetch or send data to APIs, typically in JSON format. HttpClient is commonly used to connect Angular applications to RESTful services.

Back end service calls using provideHttpClient

Component Lifecycle

Angular components have a well-defined lifecycle, allowing you to hook into various stages of the component’s existence. Key lifecycle hooks include:

• ngOnInit: Called after the component is initialized.
• ngOnChanges: Responds to input property changes.
• ngOnDestroy: Invoked just before Angular destroys the component, allowing for cleanup tasks.

Life Cycle Hooks

Git Tutorial

Conclusion

Angular is a powerful framework that offers a structured way to develop dynamic web applications. Its modular architecture, rich set of features, and robust community support make it an excellent choice for developers. By understanding its core concepts—components, binding, directives, services, and lifecycle management—you can harness the full potential of Angular to build modern web applications efficiently. Whether you’re a seasoned developer or just getting started, mastering Angular can significantly enhance your web development skills.